Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical disorder characterized by severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, peripheral edema, and often hyperlipidemia.^[1] It may be idiopathic or secondary to systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Major complications include infections, hypocalcemia, bone abnormalities, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypercoagulability, and hypovolemia. Diagnosis involves assessment of serum albumin, lipid profile, serum creatinine, urinary protein excretion, and evaluation for secondary causes. Renal ultrasonography, kidney biopsy, and anti-PLA2R antibody testing may be performed when indicated.^[2] Management includes dietary sodium and fluid restriction, loop diuretics for edema control, and treatment of the underlying cause; hospitalization may be required in severe or refractory cases. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) increase acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins by inhibiting HDAC enzymatic activity and are being investigated for their potential role in renal fibrosis. Examples include valproic acid, sodium butyrate, Trichostatin A, and Vorinostat. Diabetic kidney disease is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure worldwide.